Shahed 136 Drone - He is accused of launching a wave of so-called "kamikaze" drones against Ukrainian cities and power plants in recent months.
The Ukrainian government and Western intelligence agencies say Russia has been using Iranian-made Shahed-136 drones in the conflict since last fall.
Shahed 136 Drone
Also known as Geranium-2 in Russia, it has an explosive nose and is designed to hover over a target until given the command to attack.
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But the European Union retaliated by accusing Iran of regularly supplying drones to Russia by the United States and the European Union.
Defense experts believe Russia is using the Shahed-136 drones for air strikes rather than cruise missiles because they cost $20,000 (£17,800) each.
On September 13, it was first reported that Russia used the Shahed-136 drone to strike a military facility in the Kharkiv region in the east of the country.
Since then, Russia has repeatedly carried out drone attacks on military and civilian targets in Kyiv, Odesa and Nikolaev regions.
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On the 1st and 2nd of this month, Russia launched more than 80 Iranian-made Shahed drones, but all of them were destroyed, Ukraine said.
The armed forces of Ukraine used small arms, heavy machine guns, portable anti-aircraft missiles and electronic jamming devices to destroy the drones.
But Ukraine's air defense forces have destroyed more than 80 percent of the drones sent against Russia.
The U.S. says it is supplying Ukraine with 700 Switchblade kamikaze drones, but it is not yet clear whether they have been used.
Of Iranian Kamikaze Drone Shahed 136 3d Models In Drone / Copter 3dexport
Experts say Ukraine used some kind of kamikaze drone last fall to attack Russian military bases in western Crimea, an air base near Sevastopol and ships in the port of Sevastopol.
Ukraine also used kamikaze drones to attack air bases in Russian territory in Saratov and Ryazan three times in December, Russia said.
The main drone of the Ukrainian military is the Turkish-made Bayraktar TB2. It has a camera about the size of a small plane and can be armed with laser-guided bombs.
In April 2022, the Bayraktar drone was used to sink the Russian warship Moskva in the Black Sea.
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For both the Russian and Ukrainian sides, the drones have been effective in spotting and firing artillery at enemy targets.
Previously, observers could take 20 or 30 minutes to identify a target, said Dr Jack Watling, a defense expert at the Royal Integrated Services Institute.
Now, he said, "After the Orlan-10 drone detects a target, the Russian army can bring its guns to the enemy within 3-5 minutes."
Dr. Marina Miron, a defense researcher at King's College London, said the drones allowed Ukraine to expand its limited forces.
Iranian Drones In Ukraine
"In the past, if you wanted to search for an enemy position, you had to send in special forces units ... then you might lose some of your troops," he said. "What you're going to risk now is the drone."
The main problem with using military drones is their size and slow movement and they are easy to shoot down.
Both sides in the war, including Ukraine, are increasingly using smaller, cheaper drone models such as the £1,700 DJI Mavic 3.
They can be equipped with small bombs, but are mainly used to detect enemy troops and direct attacks.
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For example, the total flight range of the DJI Mavic is only 30 km, and the maximum flight time is only 46 minutes.
"The Russian forces have a Stupor gun that delivers an electromagnetic pulse," he said. He explained that this would stop commercial drones from using GPS to navigate them.
The Russian military has used online systems such as Aeroscope to detect and disrupt communications between commercial drones and their operators.
These systems can destroy drones or stop them from returning to base or transmitting information. Ukrainian authorities say the kamikaze drones used in the Russian airstrike were supplied by Iran, a charge Iranian officials deny [Sergei Supinsky/AFP]
Shahed 136 Drone (“geran 2”)
A new wave of Russian airstrikes in Ukraine has killed more than 25 people and wounded more than 100 in a major attack in the first days of the war, authorities in Kyiv have said.
According to Ukrainian authorities, the current offensive, which began on October 10, has targeted at least 10 regions of the country using Russian missiles and Iranian-made drones.
On Monday, explosive-laden drones known as "kamikaze" targeted energy facilities in Kyiv, killing at least four people.
Among the victims was a young couple expecting a baby in three months, the mayor of Kyiv said.
Ukraine Says It Shot Down Iranian Made Drone Used By Russia In Kharkiv
Unlike drones, which return to base after a missile launch, kamikaze or suicide drones are destroyed by attack.
According to Al Jazeera defense analyst Alex Gatopoulos, these missiles can hover above an area to identify targets before diving to destroy the area. They are also called "patience".
Like cruise missiles, they can hit targets hundreds of kilometers away, but cruise missiles are expensive and kamikaze drones are a cheaper but more accurate alternative, Gatopoulos said.
Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has bought 2,400 kamikaze drones from Russia, but says his fleet is rapidly depleting.
Shahed 136 Kamikaze Drone Geranium 2
According to Ukraine, Russia imported the drones from Iran, and they are called Shahed-136, which means "witness of the faith" but translates to "martyr".
Mykhailo Podoliak, adviser to the President of Ukraine, said that "Tehran is responsible for the killing of Ukrainians." The Kremlin did not comment on this.
Iran has denied supplying arms to Russia, citing NATO's presence in Eastern Europe as the main reason for the war.
According to Gatopoulos, it is unlikely that the drones were manufactured in Russia, as Moscow is "lagging behind in the development of low-level tactical drones, including armed ones."
What Are The Iranian Made Shahed Kamikaze Drones Being Used In Ukraine?
Samir Puri, an analyst at King's College London, told Al Jazeera that there could be some kind of sales agreement between Moscow and Tehran.
"These drones were bought from Iran and transferred to the war zone, and in my opinion, they added something to the Ukrainian air defense system and used it as another weapon," Puri said.
"That's a lot when you consider what they are as disposables."
Using them in swarms would cause difficulties for the Ukrainian Air Defense Forces, a spokesman for the Ukrainian Air Force told the Associated Press.
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While the West has promised to step up the fight against Kyiv's anti-drone systems, many of those weapons have yet to arrive, and in some cases could take months.
The deployment of the drones raises concerns about alternative weapons systems in Ukraine, Puri said.
"Such a weapon system alone cannot change the outcome of a war," he said. More than a month has passed since the launch of the first Iranian-made Shahed-136 drone (called "Geran" in Russian). -2") captured by Ukrainian forces near Kupians, Kharkiv region. This incident was the first evidence of large-scale deployment of Iranian-made and supplied unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or "drones") for Russian military operations in Ukraine (Tehranan has officially denied this ).Since then, Russian-controlled Iranian drones have been reported flying over all front lines, major Ukrainian cities and critical infrastructure facilities.
It is not yet clear how these weapons will affect the course of the war; However, their ease of use, lethality, and ability to deploy on the battlefield pose a threat to the Ukrainian Armed Forces and the population. Furthermore, Tehran's supply of more sophisticated drones to Moscow signals the Islamic Republic's role as active military support for Russia's war in Ukraine (a behavior strongly opposed by Kiev, Washington, and Brussels) and a two-way shift. turned around. moving towards a stronger strategic relationship.
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In July, White House National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan disclosed classified information that Moscow would acquire "hundreds" of Iranian-made drones (including weapons-capable models). The latest satellite images showed Russian military representatives visiting the Shahid Karimi base (involved in Iran's drone operations in Syria) in August and inspecting the Shahed-129 and Shahed-191 combat drones.
Russia's military operations in Ukraine for more than a month show that Tehran has indeed met Moscow's demands and delivered two special models of combat platforms: the Mohajer-6 and the delta-winged Shahed-136. The first is an intermediate-range intelligence, surveillance, targeting and reconnaissance (ISTAR) unmanned aerial vehicle with a range of 200 km, an effective payload of up to 150 kg, and two hardpoints of up to four. guided missile or bomb. The latter is the latest development of the Iranian Aviation Industry Company (HESA), a cruise missile (or "suicide/kamikaze" drone) that will officially enter service with Iran's military in 2021. Today, the exact characteristics of the Shahed-136/Gheran-2 are largely unknown. In Open Sources, Iran
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